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CondCreatefunction
Creates a conditional variable to be used in synchronizing threads
Syntax
Declare Function CondCreate ( ) As Any PtrReturn value
A handle to a newly created conditional variable, or the null pointer (0) on failure.
Description
Once the conditional is Condcreated and the threads are started, one or more of them (including the implicit main thread executing main program) can be set to
CondWait for the conditional, they will be stopped until some other thread CondSignals that the waiting thread can restart. CondBroadcast can be used to restart all threads waiting for the conditional. At the end of the program CondDestroy must be used to avoid leaking resources in the OS.Remarks
Usage
result = CondCreate
Platform Differences
- Condcreate is not available with the DOS version / target of FreeBASIC, because multithreading is not supported by DOS kernel nor the used extender.
Dialect Differences
- Threading is not allowed in -lang qb
Differences from QB
- New to FreeBASIC
See also
Example
See also
CondWait and CondSignal and CondBroadcast
''
'' make newly-created threads wait until all threads are ready, then start them all at once
''
Dim Shared hcondstart As Any Ptr
Dim Shared hmutexstart As Any Ptr
Dim Shared start As Integer = 0
Dim Shared threadcount As Integer
Dim Shared hmutexready As Any Ptr
Dim Shared hcondready As Any Ptr
Sub mythread(ByVal id_ptr As Any Ptr)
Dim id As Integer = Cast(Integer, id_ptr)
'' signal that this thread is ready
MutexLock hmutexready
threadcount += 1
Print "Thread #" & id & " is waiting..."
CondSignal hcondready
MutexUnlock hmutexready
'' wait for the start signal
MutexLock hmutexstart
Do While start = 0
CondWait hcondstart, hmutexstart
Loop
'' now this thread holds the lock on hmutexstart
MutexUnlock hmutexstart
'' print out the number of this thread
For i As Integer = 1 To 40
Print id;
Next i
End Sub
Dim threads(1 To 9) As Any Ptr
hcondstart = CondCreate()
hmutexstart = MutexCreate()
hcondready = CondCreate()
hmutexready = MutexCreate()
threadcount = 0
MutexLock(hmutexready)
For i As Integer = 1 To 9
threads(i) = ThreadCreate(@mythread, Cast(Any Ptr, i))
If threads(i) = 0 Then
Print "unable to create thread"
End If
Next i
Print "Waiting until all threads are ready..."
Do Until threadcount = 9
CondWait(hcondready, hmutexready)
Loop
MutexUnlock(hmutexready)
Print
Print "Go!"
MutexLock hmutexstart
start = 1
CondBroadcast hcondstart
MutexUnlock hmutexstart
'' wait for all threads to complete
For i As Integer = 1 To 9
If threads(i) <> 0 Then
ThreadWait threads(i)
End If
Next i
MutexDestroy hmutexready
CondDestroy hcondready
MutexDestroy hmutexstart
CondDestroy hcondstart
'Visual example of mutual exclusion + mutual synchronization between 2 threads
'by using Mutex and CondVar:
'the "user-defined thread" computes the points coordinates on a circle,
'and the "main thread" plots the points.
'
'Principle of mutual exclusion + mutual synchronisation
' Thread#A XOR + <==> Thread#B
'..... .....
'MutexLock(mut) MutexLock(mut)
' Do_something_with_exclusion Do_something_with_exclusion
' While bool#1 <> true <------------------------ bool#1 = true
' CondWait(cond#1, mut) <--------------------- CondSignal(cond#1)
' Wend <-----------------------------------. Do_something_with_exclusion
' bool#1 = false .---------- | --> While bool#2 <> true
' Do_something_with_exclusion | .------ | ----> CondWait(cond#2, mut)
' bool#2 = true ---------------' | .-- | --> Wend
' CondSignal(cond#2) --------------' | | bool#2 = false
' Do_something_with_exclusion | | Do_something_with_exclusion
'MutexUnlock(mut) ----------------------' '-- MutexUnlock(mut)
'..... .....
'
'Behavior:
'- Unnecessary to pre-calculate the first point.
'- Each calculated point is plotted one time only.
'
'If you comment out the lines containing "MutexLock" and "MutexUnlock",
'"CondWait" and "CondSignal", ".ready"
'(inside "user-defined thread" or/and "main thread"),
'there will be no longer mutual exclusion nor mutual synchronization
'between computation of coordinates and plotting of points,
'and many points will not be plotted on circle (due to non coherent coordinates).
'-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Type ThreadUDT 'Generic user thread UDT
Dim handle As Any Ptr 'Any Ptr handle to user thread
Dim sync As Any Ptr 'Any Ptr handle to mutex
Dim cond1 As Any Ptr 'Any Ptr handle to conditional1
Dim cond2 As Any Ptr 'Any Ptr handle to conditional2
Dim ready1 As Byte 'Boolean to coordinates ready1
Dim ready2 As Byte 'Boolean to coordinates ready2
Dim quit As Byte 'Boolean to end user thread
Declare Static Sub Thread (ByVal As Any Ptr) 'Generic user thread procedure
Dim procedure As Sub (ByVal As Any Ptr) 'Procedure(Any Ptr) to be executed by user thread
Dim p As Any Ptr 'Any Ptr to pass to procedure executed by user thread
Const False As Byte = 0 'Constante "false"
Const True As Byte = Not False 'Constante "true"
End Type
Static Sub ThreadUDT.Thread (ByVal param As Any Ptr) 'Generic user thread procedure
Dim tp As ThreadUDT Ptr = param 'Casting to generic user thread UDT
Do
Static As Integer I
MutexLock(tp->sync) 'Mutex (Lock) for user thread
tp->procedure(tp->p) 'Procedure(Any Ptr) to be executed by user thread
I += 1
Locate 30, 38
Print I;
tp->ready1 = True 'Set ready1
CondSignal(tp->cond1) 'CondSignal to send signal1 to main thread
While tp->ready2 <> True 'Process loop against spurious wakeups
CondWait(tp->cond2, tp->sync) 'CondWait to receive signal2 from main-thread
Wend
tp->ready2 = False
If tp->quit = tp->True Then 'Test for ending user thread
MutexUnlock(tp->sync) 'Mutex (Unlock) for user thread
Exit Do
End If
MutexUnlock(tp->sync) 'Mutex (Unlock) for user thread
Sleep 5, 1
Loop
End Sub
'-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Type Point2D
Dim x As Integer
Dim y As Integer
End Type
Const x0 As Integer = 640 / 2
Const y0 As Integer = 480 / 2
Const r0 As Integer = 200
Const pi As Single = 4 * Atn(1)
Sub PointOnCircle (ByVal p As Any Ptr)
Dim pp As Point2D Ptr = p
Dim teta As Single = 2 * pi * Rnd
pp->x = x0 + r0 * Cos(teta)
Sleep 5, 1 'To increase possibility of uncorrelated data occurrence
pp->y = y0 + r0 * Sin(teta)
End Sub
Screen 12
Locate 30, 2
Print "<any_key> : exit";
Locate 30, 27
Print "calculated:";
Locate 30, 54
Print "plotted:";
Dim Pptr As Point2D Ptr = New Point2D
Dim Tptr As ThreadUDT Ptr = New ThreadUDT
Tptr->sync = MutexCreate
Tptr->cond1 = CondCreate
Tptr->cond2 = CondCreate
Tptr->procedure = @PointOnCircle
Tptr->p = Pptr
Tptr->handle = ThreadCreate(@ThreadUDT.Thread, Tptr)
Do
Static As Integer I
MutexLock(Tptr->sync) 'Mutex (Lock) for main thread
While Tptr->ready1 <> Tptr->True 'Process loop against spurious wakeups
CondWait(Tptr->cond1, Tptr->sync) 'CondWait to receive signal1 from user-thread
Wend
Tptr->ready1 = Tptr->False
PSet (Pptr->x, Pptr->y) 'Plotting one point
I += 1
Locate 30, 62
Print I;
Tptr->ready2 = Tptr->True 'Set ready2
CondSignal(Tptr->cond2) 'CondSignal to send signal2 to user thread
If Inkey <> "" Then
Tptr->quit = Tptr->True 'Set quit
MutexUnlock(Tptr->sync) 'Mutex (Unlock) for main thread
Exit Do
End If
MutexUnlock(Tptr->sync) 'Mutex (Unlock) for main thread
Sleep 5, 1
Loop
ThreadWait(Tptr->handle)
MutexDestroy(Tptr->sync)
CondDestroy(Tptr->cond1)
CondDestroy(Tptr->cond2)
Delete Tptr
Delete Pptr
Sleep
See also the similar MutexCreate example
Reference
- Documented in KeyPgCondCreate.html